Like humans, artificial intelligence learns by trial and error, but traditionally, it requires humans to set the ball rolling ...

Using a sequence of steps to solve a problem. Scientific applications, forecasting, decision making, quantum computing and AI use algorithms routinely. Computer programming is used to implement the ...

A total aside from crypto, in order to impede spammers, a variation of PoW has been proposed for email. For example, if email programs had to solve a puzzle that took just 15 seconds before sending ...

In the age of Facebook and Netflix, the word “algorithm” has become so ubiquitous, and its connotation so amorphous, that it’s verging on jargon—maybe even cliché. The Atlantic’s Ian Bogost has ...