This review focuses on three issues facing clinicians who care for patients with diabetic ketoacidosis; all of the issues are related to acid–base disorders. The first issue is the use of the plasma ...

This review describes a method of analyzing acid–base disorders that incorporates insights from the traditional, bicarbonate-centered model and the Stewart (or strong ion) model (Table 1). 1–6 ...

Through consideration of the ionic equilibria of acids and bases, one may readily calculate the formation constant of a salt species solely on the basis of knowledge of the pKA value of the acid and ...

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a primary reduction in serum bicarbonate (HCO 3 −) concentration, a secondary decrease in the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) of ∼1 mmHg for ...

Figure 1: Adenine molecules form chains aligned along (±1,2) directions of a Cu{110} surface. Figure 2: Phenylglycine shows a strong chiral preference in its interaction with chemisorbed adenine. The ...

Neutralisation is the reaction of an acid with a base that results in the pH moving towards 7. It is a useful process that occurs in everyday life such as in the treatment of acid indigestion and the ...