Posteriorly, the bony arch encircles the spinal canal (Fig 1). It is composed of transverse processes, facet joints, two pedicles, two laminae, and a spinous process. In the lumbar spine ...

Severe back pain at night can be associated with serious spinal pathology and is therefore a common reason for urgent referral to a back pain triage clinic, but guidance in this area varies ...

A potential overreliance on new technology, the lack of standardization and long-term data and underappreciation of global spinal alignment are three of the most overlooked issues in spine care and ...

Lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS ... and decompressive laminectomy because the surgical pathology and interventions are different. The usual age variation ...