1 Department of Orthopedics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 2 Federal University of São Paulo School of Medicine 3 Federal University of São Paulo 4 Department of Physiology, ...

Abduction and adduction are shoulder and hip movements that occur in the body's frontal plane—an imaginary line that divides the body into front and back halves. They're essential for stability and ...

Mark S., a 27-year-old male, is complaining of left shoulder weakness. Mark trains with weights regularly (3-4 times each week) and has done this for 10 years. Six months ago, while doing the bench ...

For fitness-minded folks, muscle testing can sound pretty intriguing. But it turns out that it has little to do with fitness...or even muscles. On a basic level, muscle testing looks at a muscle and ...