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What makes smoke black versus white?
When the chimney atop the Sistine Chapel spouts white smoke, it means that the Catholic Church officially has a new pope. White smoke tends to be a sign that a fire is creating gas or water vapor. It could be an indicator that a fire is either just starting to burn or dying out.
Black or white? Expert explains how to create papal smoke signals
A pyrotechnic expert explains how the black and white papal smoke signals are created:: May 2, 2025:: Rome, Italy::Massimiliano De Sanctis, Fireworks expert''During the conclave the cardinals will have at their disposal this electronic control unit and both black and white pyrotechnic cartridges,
If no pope is chosen, the ballots are mixed with cartridges containing potassium perchlorate, anthracene (a component of coal tar), and sulfur to produce black smoke. But if there is a winner ...
Modern science has stepped in to ensure the clarity of the signal, using specific chemical mixtures to produce unambiguous black or white smoke. This blend of tradition and technology allows the ...
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