The Foundation of Mountain Building Mountain building, also known as orogenesis, is a geological process that involves the ...

Earth’s crust looks solid from the surface, but it is broken into a shifting mosaic of slabs that slowly rearrange oceans and continents. Understanding how those tectonic plates first formed is one of ...

The models showed that these strange shapes could form when magma rises and weakens the surface in a “squishy” or partly moving lid. Instead of forming clear, global plates like Earth, Venus likely ...