Inverse problems in differential equations constitute a pivotal area in applied mathematics and engineering, where the aim is to deduce unknown parameters or inputs within a differential equation from ...

We examine a heat problem in 1D. Assume that a rod with given temperature distribution u_0(x) is cooled to temperature 0 on the exteriors at 0 and pi. Assume that u(x,t) for the Temperature at point x ...

Composite functions are made when the output from one function is used as the input of another function. The names of the functions are written next to each other, with the function that is used first ...

In the paper, the authors find series expansions and identities for positive integer powers of inverse (hyperbolic) sine and tangent, for composite of incomplete gamma function with inverse hyperbolic ...

Simplify or manipulate expressions involving polynomial, radical, exponential, or logarithmic terms using appropriate properties and rules Use numeric or variable substitution while working with ...

Support your confidence in this topic by refreshing your knowledge of substitution and changing the subject of formulae. A function takes an input value, applies a rule to it, and produces an output ...