In organic chemistry, Markovnikov's rule or Markownikoff's rule describes the outcome of some addition reactions. The rule was formulated by Russian chemist Vladimir Markovnikov in 1870. [1][2][3]

Markovnikov’s rule is an empirical rule used to predict regioselectivity of electrophilic addition reactions of alkenes and alkynes. It states that, in hydrohalogenation of an unsymmetrical alkene, the …

Although Markovnikov’s rule was first observed and formulated for the hydrohalogenation of alkenes (addition of HCl, HBr, and HI), it is now a broad pattern to classify many addition reactions to alkenes …

Feb 8, 2013 · The reaction tends to occur such that the halogen ends up attached to the carbon of the alkene attached to the fewest hydrogen atoms, a phenomenon known as Markovnikov’s Rule.

Markovnikov Rule predicts the regiochemistry of HX addition to unsymmetrically substituted alkenes. The halide component of HX bonds preferentially at the more highly substituted carbon, whereas the …

Thus, hydrogen chloride (HCl) adds to propylene (CH 3 CH=CH 2) to produce 2-chloropropane (CH 3 CHClCH 3) rather than the isomeric 1-chloropropane (CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 Cl). The rule is useful in …

Nov 5, 2023 · In the world of molecules, Markovnikov’s Rule helps us predict similar choices. So, what exactly is Markovnikov’s rule and why is it one of the most misunderstood rule in organic chemistry?

6 days ago · The development of catalytic Markovnikov-selective hydroboration of alkenes has seen significant progress; however, achieving this transformation under metal-free conditions has …

Markovnikov’s rule helps predict the product of nucleophilic addition to alkenes. The nucleophile adds to the carbon with the highest degree (primary, secondary, etc.).

This preference for addition to alkenes was first explained by Markovnikov and is known as Markovnikov’s rule which states that: In the addition reaction of HX to an unsymmetrical alkene, the …